Applicability of Geographically Distributed Simulations

Geographically distributed simulations (GDS) overcome the inherent limitations in capabilities of single research infrastructure to accurately represent large-scale complex power and energy systems within representative operating environments real-time. The feasibility GDS has been proven, however, there is a lack confidence its adoption owing limited evidence stability accuracy that ascertain practical applicability. This paper presents detailed small signal models for setups with two interface signals transformations. have validated by empirical analysis used determining boundaries stable operation setups. For common region transformations considered, presented offers insights their selection. advancement, thereby, enables realisation experimental can cater growing need design validate operational schemes ensure robust resilient critical national infrastructure.